// C++ program for Merge Sort #include  using namespace std; // Merges two subarrays of array[]. // First subarray is arr[begin..mid] // Second subarray is arr[mid+1..end] void merge(int array[], int const left, int const mid,  int const right) {  int const subArrayOne = mid - left + 1;  int const subArrayTwo = right - mid;  // Create temp arrays  auto *leftArray = new int[subArrayOne],  *rightArray = new int[subArrayTwo];  // Copy data to temp arrays leftArray[] and rightArray[]  for (auto i = 0; i < subArrayOne; i++)  leftArray[i] = array[left + i];  for (auto j = 0; j < subArrayTwo; j++)  rightArray[j] = array[mid + 1 + j];  auto indexOfSubArrayOne = 0, indexOfSubArrayTwo = 0;  int indexOfMergedArray = left;  // Merge the temp arrays back into array[left..right]  while (indexOfSubArrayOne < subArrayOne  && indexOfSubArrayTwo < subArrayTwo) {  if (leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne]  <= rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo]) {  array[indexOfMergedArray]  = leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne];  indexOfSubArrayOne++;  }  else {  array[indexOfMergedArray]  = rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo];  indexOfSubArrayTwo++;  }  indexOfMergedArray++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of  // left[], if there are any  while (indexOfSubArrayOne < subArrayOne) {  array[indexOfMergedArray]  = leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne];  indexOfSubArrayOne++;  indexOfMergedArray++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of  // right[], if there are any  while (indexOfSubArrayTwo < subArrayTwo) {  array[indexOfMergedArray]  = rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo];  indexOfSubArrayTwo++;  indexOfMergedArray++;  }  delete[] leftArray;  delete[] rightArray; } // begin is for left index and end is right index // of the sub-array of arr to be sorted void mergeSort(int array[], int const begin, int const end) {  if (begin>= loppu) paluu;  int mid = alku + (loppu - alkaa) / 2;  mergeSort(array, alkaa, mid);  mergeSort(array, mid + 1, end);  merge(taulukko, alku, puoliväli, loppu); } // APUTOIMINNAT // Toiminto taulukon tulostamiseksi void printArray(int A[], int size) { for (int i = 0; i< size; i++)  cout << A[i] << ' ';  cout << endl; } // Driver code int main() {  int arr[] = { 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 };  int arr_size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);  cout << 'Given array is 
';  printArray(arr, arr_size);  mergeSort(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);  cout << '
Sorted array is 
';  printArray(arr, arr_size);  return 0; } // This code is contributed by Mayank Tyagi // This code was revised by Joshua Estes>

// C program for Merge Sort #include  #include  // Merges two subarrays of arr[]. // First subarray is arr[l..m] // Second subarray is arr[m+1..r] void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r) {  int i, j, k;  int n1 = m - l + 1;  int n2 = r - m;  // Create temp arrays  int L[n1], R[n2];  // Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[]  for (i = 0; i < n1; i++)  L[i] = arr[l + i];  for (j = 0; j < n2; j++)  R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];  // Merge the temp arrays back into arr[l..r  i = 0;  j = 0;  k = l;  while (i < n1 && j < n2) {  if (L[i] <= R[j]) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  }  else {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  }  k++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of L[],  // if there are any  while (i < n1) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  k++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of R[],  // if there are any  while (j < n2) {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  k++;  } } // l is for left index and r is right index of the // sub-array of arr to be sorted void mergeSort(int arr[], int l, int r) {  if (l < r) {  int m = l + (r - l) / 2;  // Sort first and second halves  mergeSort(arr, l, m);  mergeSort(arr, m + 1, r);  merge(arr, l, m, r);  } } // Function to print an array void printArray(int A[], int size) {  int i;  for (i = 0; i < size; i++)  printf('%d ', A[i]);  printf('
'); } // Driver code int main() {  int arr[] = { 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 };  int arr_size = sizeof(arr) / sizeof(arr[0]);  printf('Given array is 
');  printArray(arr, arr_size);  mergeSort(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);  printf('
Sorted array is 
');  printArray(arr, arr_size);  return 0; }>

// Java program for Merge Sort import java.io.*; class MergeSort {  // Merges two subarrays of arr[].  // First subarray is arr[l..m]  // Second subarray is arr[m+1..r]  void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r)  {  // Find sizes of two subarrays to be merged  int n1 = m - l + 1;  int n2 = r - m;  // Create temp arrays  int L[] = new int[n1];  int R[] = new int[n2];  // Copy data to temp arrays  for (int i = 0; i < n1; ++i)  L[i] = arr[l + i];  for (int j = 0; j < n2; ++j)  R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];  // Merge the temp arrays  // Initial indices of first and second subarrays  int i = 0, j = 0;  // Initial index of merged subarray array  int k = l;  while (i < n1 && j < n2) {  if (L[i] <= R[j]) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  }  else {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  }  k++;  }  // Copy remaining elements of L[] if any  while (i < n1) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  k++;  }  // Copy remaining elements of R[] if any  while (j < n2) {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  k++;  }  }  // Main function that sorts arr[l..r] using  // merge()  void sort(int arr[], int l, int r)  {  if (l < r) {  // Find the middle point  int m = l + (r - l) / 2;  // Sort first and second halves  sort(arr, l, m);  sort(arr, m + 1, r);  // Merge the sorted halves  merge(arr, l, m, r);  }  }  // A utility function to print array of size n  static void printArray(int arr[])  {  int n = arr.length;  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)  System.out.print(arr[i] + ' ');  System.out.println();  }  // Driver code  public static void main(String args[])  {  int arr[] = { 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 };  System.out.println('Given array is');  printArray(arr);  MergeSort ob = new MergeSort();  ob.sort(arr, 0, arr.length - 1);  System.out.println('
Sorted array is');  printArray(arr);  } } /* This code is contributed by Rajat Mishra */>

# Merges two subarrays of array[]. # First subarray is arr[left..mid] # Second subarray is arr[mid+1..right] def merge(array, left, mid, right): subArrayOne = mid - left + 1 subArrayTwo = right - mid # Create temp arrays leftArray = [0] * subArrayOne rightArray = [0] * subArrayTwo # Copy data to temp arrays leftArray[] and rightArray[] for i in range(subArrayOne): leftArray[i] = array[left + i] for j in range(subArrayTwo): rightArray[j] = array[mid + 1 + j] indexOfSubArrayOne = 0 # Initial index of first sub-array indexOfSubArrayTwo = 0 # Initial index of second sub-array indexOfMergedArray = left # Initial index of merged array # Merge the temp arrays back into array[left..right] while indexOfSubArrayOne < subArrayOne and indexOfSubArrayTwo < subArrayTwo: if leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne] <= rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo]: array[indexOfMergedArray] = leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne] indexOfSubArrayOne += 1 else: array[indexOfMergedArray] = rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo] indexOfSubArrayTwo += 1 indexOfMergedArray += 1 # Copy the remaining elements of left[], if any while indexOfSubArrayOne < subArrayOne: array[indexOfMergedArray] = leftArray[indexOfSubArrayOne] indexOfSubArrayOne += 1 indexOfMergedArray += 1 # Copy the remaining elements of right[], if any while indexOfSubArrayTwo < subArrayTwo: array[indexOfMergedArray] = rightArray[indexOfSubArrayTwo] indexOfSubArrayTwo += 1 indexOfMergedArray += 1 # begin is for left index and end is right index # of the sub-array of arr to be sorted def mergeSort(array, begin, end): if begin>= loppu: return mid = aloita + (loppu - aloita) // 2 mergeSort(array, begin, mid) mergeSort(array, mid + 1, end) merge(array, start, mid, end) # Funktio taulukon tulostamiseen def printArray(array, size): for i in range(size): print(array[i], end=' ') print() # Ohjainkoodi if __name__ == '__main__': arr = [12 , 11, 13, 5, 6, 7] arr_size = len(arr) print('Annettu array on') printArray(arr, arr_size) mergeSort(arr, 0, arr_size - 1) print('
Lajiteltu array is') printArray(arr, arr_size)>

// C# program for Merge Sort using System; class MergeSort {  // Merges two subarrays of []arr.  // First subarray is arr[l..m]  // Second subarray is arr[m+1..r]  void merge(int[] arr, int l, int m, int r)  {  // Find sizes of two  // subarrays to be merged  int n1 = m - l + 1;  int n2 = r - m;  // Create temp arrays  int[] L = new int[n1];  int[] R = new int[n2];  int i, j;  // Copy data to temp arrays  for (i = 0; i < n1; ++i)  L[i] = arr[l + i];  for (j = 0; j < n2; ++j)  R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];  // Merge the temp arrays  // Initial indexes of first  // and second subarrays  i = 0;  j = 0;  // Initial index of merged  // subarray array  int k = l;  while (i < n1 && j < n2) {  if (L[i] <= R[j]) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  }  else {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  }  k++;  }  // Copy remaining elements  // of L[] if any  while (i < n1) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  k++;  }  // Copy remaining elements  // of R[] if any  while (j < n2) {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  k++;  }  }  // Main function that  // sorts arr[l..r] using  // merge()  void sort(int[] arr, int l, int r)  {  if (l < r) {  // Find the middle point  int m = l + (r - l) / 2;  // Sort first and second halves  sort(arr, l, m);  sort(arr, m + 1, r);  // Merge the sorted halves  merge(arr, l, m, r);  }  }  // A utility function to  // print array of size n  static void printArray(int[] arr)  {  int n = arr.Length;  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i)  Console.Write(arr[i] + ' ');  Console.WriteLine();  }  // Driver code  public static void Main(String[] args)  {  int[] arr = { 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 };  Console.WriteLine('Given array is');  printArray(arr);  MergeSort ob = new MergeSort();  ob.sort(arr, 0, arr.Length - 1);  Console.WriteLine('
Sorted array is');  printArray(arr);  } } // This code is contributed by Princi Singh>

// JavaScript program for Merge Sort // Merges two subarrays of arr[]. // First subarray is arr[l..m] // Second subarray is arr[m+1..r] function merge(arr, l, m, r) {  var n1 = m - l + 1;  var n2 = r - m;  // Create temp arrays  var L = new Array(n1);   var R = new Array(n2);  // Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[]  for (var i = 0; i < n1; i++)  L[i] = arr[l + i];  for (var j = 0; j < n2; j++)  R[j] = arr[m + 1 + j];  // Merge the temp arrays back into arr[l..r]  // Initial index of first subarray  var i = 0;  // Initial index of second subarray  var j = 0;  // Initial index of merged subarray  var k = l;  while (i < n1 && j < n2) {  if (L[i] <= R[j]) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  }  else {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  }  k++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of  // L[], if there are any  while (i < n1) {  arr[k] = L[i];  i++;  k++;  }  // Copy the remaining elements of  // R[], if there are any  while (j < n2) {  arr[k] = R[j];  j++;  k++;  } } // l is for left index and r is // right index of the sub-array // of arr to be sorted function mergeSort(arr,l, r){  if(l>=r){ paluu;  } var m =l+ parseInt((r-l)/2);  mergeSort(arr,l,m);  mergeSort(arr,m+1,r);  yhdistä(arr,l,m,r); } // Funktio taulukkofunktion tulostamiseen printArray( A, size) { for (var i = 0; i< size; i++)  console.log( A[i] + ' '); } var arr = [ 12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7 ];  var arr_size = arr.length;  console.log( 'Given array is ');  printArray(arr, arr_size);  mergeSort(arr, 0, arr_size - 1);  console.log( 'Sorted array is ');  printArray(arr, arr_size); // This code is contributed by SoumikMondal>

 /* PHP recursive program for Merge Sort */ // Merges two subarrays of arr[]. // First subarray is arr[l..m] // Second subarray is arr[m+1..r] function merge(&$arr, $l, $m, $r) { $n1 = $m - $l + 1; $n2 = $r - $m; // Create temp arrays $L = array(); $R = array(); // Copy data to temp arrays L[] and R[] for ($i = 0; $i < $n1; $i++) $L[$i] = $arr[$l + $i]; for ($j = 0; $j < $n2; $j++) $R[$j] = $arr[$m + 1 + $j]; // Merge the temp arrays back into arr[l..r] $i = 0; $j = 0; $k = $l; while ($i < $n1 && $j < $n2) { if ($L[$i] <= $R[$j]) { $arr[$k] = $L[$i]; $i++; } else { $arr[$k] = $R[$j]; $j++; } $k++; } // Copy the remaining elements of L[],  // if there are any while ($i < $n1) { $arr[$k] = $L[$i]; $i++; $k++; } // Copy the remaining elements of R[],  // if there are any while ($j < $n2) { $arr[$k] = $R[$j]; $j++; $k++; } } // l is for left index and r is right index of the // sub-array of arr to be sorted function mergeSort(&$arr, $l, $r) { if ($l < $r) { $m = $l + (int)(($r - $l) / 2); // Sort first and second halves mergeSort($arr, $l, $m); mergeSort($arr, $m + 1, $r); merge($arr, $l, $m, $r); } } // Function to print an array function printArray($A, $size) { for ($i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) echo $A[$i].' '; echo '
'; } // Driver code $arr = array(12, 11, 13, 5, 6, 7); $arr_size = sizeof($arr); echo 'Given array is 
'; printArray($arr, $arr_size); mergeSort($arr, 0, $arr_size - 1); echo '
Sorted array is 
'; printArray($arr, $arr_size); return 0; //This code is contributed by Susobhan Akhuli ?>>>  
  Lähtö      Aika monimutkaisuus:    
 
    Paras tapaus:    O(n log n), Kun taulukko on jo lajiteltu tai melkein lajiteltu.
    Keskimääräinen tapaus:    O(n log n), Kun taulukko on satunnaisessa järjestyksessä.
    Pahimmassa tapauksessa:    O(n log n), Kun taulukko on lajiteltu käänteiseen järjestykseen.
    Tilan monimutkaisuus:    O(n), Yhdistyksen aikana käytettävä tilapäinen taulukko vaatii lisätilaa.
merkkijono sisältää
 
    Yhdistelmälajittelun edut:    
    Vakaus    : Yhdistetty lajittelu on vakaa lajittelualgoritmi, mikä tarkoittaa, että se ylläpitää yhtäläisten elementtien suhteellista järjestystä syöttötaulukossa.
    Taattu huonoimman tapauksen suorituskyky:    Yhdistelmälajittelulla on pahimman mahdollisen ajan monimutkaisuus    O(N logN)    , mikä tarkoittaa, että se toimii hyvin myös suurilla tietojoukoilla.
    Yksinkertainen toteuttaa:    Hajota ja hallitse -lähestymistapa on suoraviivainen.
    Yhdistelmälajittelun haittapuoli:    
    Avaruuden monimutkaisuus:    Yhdistetty lajittelu vaatii lisämuistia yhdistettyjen alitaulukoiden tallentamiseen lajitteluprosessin aikana.
    Ei paikallaan:    Yhdistämislajittelu ei ole paikan päällä oleva lajittelualgoritmi, mikä tarkoittaa, että se vaatii lisämuistia lajiteltujen tietojen tallentamiseen. Tämä voi olla haitta sovelluksissa, joissa muistin käyttö on huolenaihe.
Yhdistelmälajittelun sovellukset:
Lajittelee suuria tietojoukkoja
Ulkoinen lajittelu (kun tietojoukko on liian suuri mahtumaan muistiin)
Inversioiden laskenta (inversioiden määrän laskeminen taulukossa)
Matriisin mediaanin löytäminen
    Pikalinkit:    
 
 Viimeisimmät artikkelit yhdistämislajittelusta 
 Parhaat haastattelukysymykset ja -ongelmat 
 Harjoittele ongelmia lajittelualgoritmissa 
 Tietovisa yhdistämislajittelusta